Today's Veterinary Practice

MAY-JUN 2014

Today's Veterinary Practice provides comprehensive information to keep every small animal practitioner up to date on companion animal medicine and surgery as well as practice building and management.

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Today's Veterinary Practice May/June 2014 16 tvpjournal.com | PeT HealTH by THe Numbers by THe Numbers Article THE CANINE SEIzURE PATIENT: FOUR IMPORTANT QUESTIONS (page 31) Considering all pets presented to banfield Pet Hospitals in 2012: • The prevalence of seizures in dogs was 1.11% (24,330 of 2.19 million) and, in cats, 0.25% (1141 of 456,728). • seizures were diagnosed in 1.30% (10,459 of 802,097) of neutered male dogs and 0.86% (2861 of 334,444) of intact male dogs. • seizures were diagnosed in 1.09% (8757 of 799,977) of spayed female dogs and 0.62% (1558 of 252,839) of intact female dogs. Path to Pet Wellness: This prevalence data from a large number of animals provides an updated picture of seizures in primary care small animal practice. It is in agreement with previous estimations, which have suggested an inci- dence of 1% to 2% in dogs and 0.5% to 2% in cats. 7,8 This data emphasizes the importance of understanding sei- zures in small animals, and being familiar with the differ- ential diagnosis and treatment options for controlling acute events and long-term management. Interestingly, the data points out that there appears to be a higher prevalence of seizures in smaller sized animals, neutered animals, and those with overweight body condition. based on these data, cause and effect are difficult to determine; for exam- ple, polyphagia is reported by owners as an important side effect of first-line anticonvulsant medications. This under- scores the importance of understanding the risks and side effects of anti-epileptic drugs, as well as maintaining pets in good body condition.—Evelyn Galban, MS, DVM, Diplo- mate ACVIM (Neurology) PREvALENCE OF SEIzURES By BODy SIzE & CONDITION (2012) DOG SIZE POPULATION IN CATEGORY PERCENTAGE WITH SEIZURES Toy/Small (< 20 lb) 1,110,407 13,049 (1.18%) Medium (20 to < 50 lb) 584,126 5982 (1.02%) Large (50 to < 90 lb) 454,010 4385 (0.97%) giant (≥ 90 lb) 41,503 219 (0.53%) Overweight 451,092 6389 (1.42%) (Continued from page 14) VETROPOLYCIN ® (bacitracin-neomycin-polymyxin) Veterinary Ophthalmic Ointment NADA # 065-016. Approved by FDA. WARNING: Do not use this product as a pre-surgical ocular lubricant. Adverse reactions of ocular irritation and corneal ulceration have been reported in association with such use. VETROPOLYCIN ® HC (bacitracin-neomycin-polymyxin- hydrocortisone acetate 1%) Veterinary Ophthalmic Ointment NADA # 065-015. Approved by FDA. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Ophthalmic preparations containing corticosteroids are contraindicated in the treatment of those deep, ulcerative lesions of the cornea where the inner layer (endothelium) is involved, in fungal infections and in the presence of viral infections. WARNINGS: All topical ophthalmic preparations containing corticosteroids with or without an antimicrobial agent, are contraindicated in the initial treatment of corneal ulcers. They should not be used until the infection is under control and corneal regeneration is well under way. Clinical and experimental data have demonstrated that corticosteroids administered orally or by injection to animals may induce the frst stage of parturition if used during the last trimester of pregnancy and may precipitate premature parturition followed by dystocia, fetal death, retained placenta, and metritis. Additionally, corticosteroids administered to dogs, rabbits, and rodents during pregnancy have resulted in cleft palate in offspring. Corticosteroids administered to dogs during pregnancy have also resulted in other congenital anomalies, including deformed forelegs, phocomelia, and anasarca. THE INfORmATION bELOW APPLIES TO bOTH VETROPOLYCIN AND VETROPOLYCIN HC. STERILE - ANTIbACTERIAL CAUTION: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. PRECAUTIONS: Sensitivity to these ophthalmic ointments is rare, however, if a reaction occurs, discontinue use of the preparation. The prolonged use of antibiotic-containing preparations may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. Appropriate measures should be taken if this occurs. If infection does not respond to treatment in two or three days, the diagnosis and therapy should be reevaluated. Animals under treatment with VETROPOLYCIN HC (bacitracin-neomycin- polymyxin with hydrocortisone acetate 1 %) should be observed for usual signs of corticosteroid overdose which include polydipsia, polyuria and occasionally an increase in weight. Use of corticosteroids, depending on dose, duration, and specifc steroid, may result in inhibition of endogenous steroid production following drug withdrawal. In patients presently receiving or recently withdrawn from systemic corticosteroid treatments, therapy with a rapidly acting corticosteroid should be considered in unusually stressful situations. Care should be taken not to contaminate the applicator tip during administration of the preparation. ADVERSE REACTIONS: Itching, burning or infammation may occur in animals sensitive to the product. Discontinue use in such cases. SAP and SGPT (ALT) enzyme elevations, polydypsia and polyuria have occurred following parenteral or systemic use of synthetic corticosteroids in dogs. Vomiting and diarrhea (occasionally bloody) have been observed in dogs. Cushing's syndrome in dogs has been reported in association with prolonged or repeated steroid therapy. Manufactured for: Dechra Veterinary Products 7015 College Boulevard, Suite 525 Overland Park, KS 66211 866-933-2472 TVP_2014-0506_14-17_BanfieldbytheNumbers.indd 16 5/27/2014 3:37:28 PM

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