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tvpjournal.com | November/December 2015 | ToDay's VeTeriNary PracTice eNDoscoPy esseNTiaLs Peer reviewed 83 through the object and release it; then re-grasp the suture on the other side of the object and withdraw the endoscope. After Removal 1. once an object is removed, inspect the stomach thoroughly for mucosal disease or additional foreign material. 2. if the foreign body is chronic (suggestive of a motility disorder) or chronic Gi disease precipitating ingestion of the foreign body is suspected, perform a complete upper Gi endoscopy (see Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Series—Part 1: Overview of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, November/December 2014, and Part 2: Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Techniques, March/april 2015, available at tvpjournal.com). 3. Follow-up treatment is not usually required and the patient may be offered food 8 to 12 hours after the procedure. 4. Treat patients with visible erosions or ulcerations as outlined earlier for esophagitis. Gi = gastrointestinal; Les = lower esophageal sphincter; Ues = upper esophageal sphincter Reference 1. Tyrrell D, Beck c. survey of the use of radiography versus ultrasonography in the investigation of gastrointestinal foreign bodies. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2006; 47(4):404-408. Suggested Reading Gualtieri M. interventional endoscopy. in Washabau r, Day M (eds): Canine & Feline Gastroenterology. st. Louis: elsevier, 2013, pp 304-307. Guilford GW. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. in Mccarthy Tc (ed): Veterinary Endoscopy for the Small Animal Practitioner. st. Louis: elsevier, 2005, pp 312-317. Tams Tr, spector DJ. endoscopic removal of gastrointestinal foreign bodies. in Tams Tr, rawlings ca (eds): Small Animal Endoscopy, 3rd ed. st. Louis: Mosby, 2011, pp 245-263. JULIE CALLAHAN CLARk Julie Callahan Clark, DVM, Diplomate ACVIM, is a staff internist in small animal internal medicine at University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine. She received her DVM from Tufts University and completed an internship at New England Animal Medical Center in West Bridgewater, Massachusetts, and a residency in internal medi - cine at University of Pennsylvania.