Today's Veterinary Practice

SEP-OCT 2016

Today's Veterinary Practice provides comprehensive information to keep every small animal practitioner up to date on companion animal medicine and surgery as well as practice building and management.

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tvpjournal.com | September/October 2016 | T O day' S Ve T erinary Prac T ice TH e ye LLOW ca T: dia G n OST ic & TH era P e UT ic ST ra T e G ie S Peer r eviewed 41 Table 1. (continued) Hyperbilirubinemia in Cats: Differential Diagnoses & Clinical Signs Anorexia Lethargy Fever Lymphadenopathy Vomiting/diarrhea Weight loss Anemia Abdominal pain Other C L ini CAL Sign S H e P ati C Hy P erbi L irubinemia h epatic lipidosis 33,34 x x x x Idiopathic or secondary hepatic lipidosis Clinical signs vary with underlying etiology Hiding, decreased interaction Cholangitis 35,36 x x x x x x x x x Bacterial, acute or chronic neutrophilic, lymphocytic Dehydration Hepatomegaly Feline infectious peritonitis 37 See clinical signs of FIP (previous page) Virulent systemic feline calicivirus x Oral ulceration Upper respiratory signs Edema Ulcerative dermatitis Conjunctivitis Francisella tularensis 38 x x x x x x x Tachypnea and tachycardia Drugs, toxins 39,40,d Nonspecific signs of intoxication Acute hepatic failure Death Amyloidosis 41 x Familial, Siamese, and other types of amyloidosis Sudden death Acute abdominal bleeding Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome 42,e x x x Clinical signs associated with specific underlying etiology Collapse Bradycardia and hypotension POS t H e P ati C H y P erbi L irubinemia Cholelithiasis 43,44 See clinical signs associated with EHBO (below) e xtrahepatic biliary obstruction 45 x x x x x x Coagulopathy Hypotension and shock t riaditis 46 x x x x x x x x x x x Clinical signs may progress in cases of EHBO Hepatomegaly Liver flukes 47 (Platynosomum concinnum) x x x x x a. As a result of enteral alimentation, diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis treatment b. As a result of disseminated intravascular coagulation, neoplasia, pancreatitis, sepsis, systemic lupus erythematosus, heat stroke c. As a result of exposure to zinc, onion, garlic, propylene glycol, naphthalene, benzocaine, methimazole, bees, spiders d. Such as oral benzodiazepines, acetaminophen, amanitin mushrooms e. Due to septic peritonitis, hepatic abscess, pyothorax, pyometra EHBO = extrahepatic bile duct obstruction; FIP = feline infectious peritonitis; IMHA = immune-mediated hemolytic anemia Feline Triaditis Syndrome Feline triaditis describes the concurrent conditions of cholangitis, pancreatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease in cats. There is a common outflow track for the feline pancreas and bile duct as they approach the major duodenal papilla. This anatomic association makes it likely that inflammatory disease or infection in one of these tissues impacts the health and function of the associated tissues. At this time it is unclear if the underlying etiology of triaditis is immune-mediated process, infectious, or multifactorial, making treatment decisions difficult. Significant local inflammation may create a functional EHBO that is not amenable to surgical removal, but must be addressed medically. Liver Fluke Feline liver fluke infection is geographical and

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